A Move to a Better Life Essay Sample free essay sample

I ever ask the inquiry to myself. what would come of me if I would hold stayed and lived in my â€Å"hometown† . the metropolis of Long Beach for the entireness of my juvenile life. The populated metropolis is north of San Diego and about 20 stat mis south of the metropolis of Los Angeles. Common in most towns or metropoliss anyplace in the universe. there is what’s known as a friendly side of town and a bad. sketchy. or ghetto side of town. In Long Beach it is no different with it holding a well-known offense populated country. Where my household and I used to shack was on the more risky countries to populate in Long Beach because of non holding the most sum of money I’m certain my parents would hold liked. The vicinity was bulk Mexican and African-American populated throughout and I had a batch of Mexican friends turning up playing with them or holding them over to my house for a small drama day of the month. We will write a custom essay sample on A Move to a Better Life Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I used to discourse in Spanish a small spot with them and their parents and English every bit good but non fluently. It was a really multi-cultural manner of life because most of the family’s that lived there including ours were really traditional and household oriented. On the down side it was besides a really gang populated town about where we lived and at the local High school around us. It was non the safest topographic point to turn up as a yearling but it was where my sister and I were born. In the summer on 2002 my male parent got a occupation chance to work in San Francisco and travel from his hometown and household ; he chose for my household and I to travel north 45 proceedingss of San Francisco to a little town of Petaluma and I believe that was the greatest thing that could hold happened to me and still is to this day of the month. My male parent could be one of the strongest work forces that I know in my life. He isn’t the most fit or healthy feeding peoples either but excels in the strength of the head and spirit. When me and my household moved up north 450 stat mis to get down a life of our ain I didn’t rather understand until the past few old ages how hard it was for my male parent to make so. We lived in Long Beach for the first 10 old ages of my life because of my male parent had a occupation for a company called Boeing and we didn’t want to hold him transpose. We were merely a 20 minute thrust from the whole remainder of my dad’s household who lived in Santa Monica and we practically went to hold dinner or see them every other twenty-four hours. It was by and large all of our household and they had all been born and raised around Southern California and stayed and started their ain households at that place. Thus it would be about impossible to believe of that my male parent and female parent would travel us off from something so foreign. to a quite state life that is a complete 180 grades from a busy muggy metropolis life of Los Angeles and Long Beach. Though after speaking with my pa he told me of one narrative of one dark he was up late observation Television and he heard a clang ; a rummy driver had swerved onto our lawn but went past and drove into the side of our following door neighbor’s house. Besides subsequently that hebdomad my cousin. 18 at the clip. had been jumped on his manner place from school and my pa could m erely conceive of if that happened to me. These two things were the breakage point for him and did non desire that sort of childhood for his ain childs. If you have seen the film Freedom Writers. it is based from Woodrow Wilson High School in Long Beach. California and that was the local high school I lived around and would hold attended when I grew to the appropriate age. It is non as pack oriented every bit much as it was back when they made the film and book but still is a whole different universe than the simple. safe. state Casa Grande High School in Petaluma. I do love that I went there and made all the great friends that I have to today but compared to Woodrow. it was a bar walk of life. I used to non wish athleticss when I was smaller because my friends didn’t like to make it and didn’t start playing until I was in Petaluma because most all the childs I met did. I was merely nine or ten but I’m certain my parents wouldn’t have pressured me into playing if I didn’t want and what else would I have been making through junior high and high school with all that free clip with friends non being occupied by faculty members or sports. I don’t talk or see any of my old immature friends that I used to populate by and travel to Elementary School with. but I am friends with a few of them on Facebook and other socie tal web sites. A few of them are gang oriented or merely look like they have been through a unsmooth life and merely makes me believe about what life would be like if that were me or if I still lived at that place. I’m non stating they don’t enjoy their lives or they have non appreciated it but it is easy to state life is more unsafe and complicated there with offense. poorness around where they live and hang out. Populating in Long Beach until the age nine and below I don’t recall most of the clip that I had populating at that place. I can remember a certain minute in every Christmas. birthday. or possibly a large household event. but other than that I don’t have the best memory of how life aspired. We lived in little to medium size two sleeping room house that my sister and I slept in the same room. I wasn’t allowed to be out in the forepart yard of all time if I wasn’t with my ma or pa. Once we moved to Petaluma it was a passage for all of us. At first I wasn’t able to kip for the first few hebdomads because it was excessively rather at dark until I got to the full adapted to the scenery. Besides my male parent and I found out that we had a batch more allergic reactions than we thought as we became reacted to wherever we went it had seemed like. I shortly after began subscribing up into baseball. hoops. and association football and I continue playing baseb all until this twenty-four hours. But after the first few months we became adapted to the conditions. made friends. and fell in love with our new hometown. It’s weird to believe that one of the biggest determinations in my immature short life has been made for me and affected what I would hold been and what I am today. I am highly thankful for the bravery my male parent and female parent had to take us and travel us off from the metropolis to the state. To give us a opportunity at an independent. simple life that we wouldn’t have to worry about anything but merely being childs. traveling to school. and populating our lives the manner we wanted. They merely wanted to give us the life that they were neer able to hold when they were our age. As Jon Krakauer said in his novel Into the Wild. â€Å"†¦make a extremist alteration in your life style and get down to boldly make things which you may antecedently neer have thought of making. or been excessively hesitating to try. So many people live within unhappy fortunes and yet will non take the enterprise to alter their state of affairs because they are conditioned to a life of security. conformance. and preservation. all of which may look to give one peace of head. but in world nil is more detrimental to the adventuresome spirit within a adul t male than a unafraid future† .

CSR Responsibility Of The Company Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the CSR Responsibility Of The Company. Answer: Introduction With the increasing globalization and modernization, it has become necessary for organizations to carry out corporate social responsibility and work sustainably according to the needs of the environment. It is becoming a standard feature in all the small and large companies. The environment of the business is degrading day by day. Thus, it is necessary that they carry out their daily operations in a sustainable manner (Brown 2013). This will not only help the company grow in a sustainable manner and increase the trust of the citizens towards them. Corporate Social responsibility is also termed as corporate self-regulation that is integrated in the business model of the company. The company to get profitability also does the CSR responsibility of the company. There are evidences showing that CSR helps to increase the profit of the company in long run. It is also noticed that the firm that wants to increase their reputation by being socially responsible usually carries out the CSR (Kor schun, Bhattacharya and Swain 2014). It is seen that while implementing CSR in their daily operations the company needs to formulate a sustainability report stating the steps they will take and its effectiveness of those steps. However, many people influence the making of good sustainable report for the company. The people that broadly influence the making of a sustainability report are the top managers and the managerial share ownership such as the stakeholders (Costa and Menichini 2013). The influence on CSR by the stakeholder shows that knowledge the stakeholder hold about the organization and their views about the social responsibility it has to the society. The stakeholders and the top managers are voluntarily encouraging the implementation of CSR through a proper structuring of the sustainable report. They are also influencing the behavior by investing a lot of their capital. On the other hand, it is seen that CEO of the company influence the CSR through its own personal behavior. On the other hand, it is believed that a firm carries out CSR in order to increase the value of the stakeholders. However, the CSR strategy followed by the company depends on the needs of the stakeholder and other holders of the company. Thus, it is necessary that the managers of the organization act as leaders and formulate the sustainability report of the firm. Thus is because stakeholders are very important for the firm and important member of the company such as the CEO should take any decision related to them (Huang 2013). The paper will discuss about the relationship between that stakeholders and the topmanagement of the company in designing the sustainability report for successful implementation of CSR. It will further carry out literature review on this ground o show the relationship between CSR and managerial share ownership. For the research purpose, a hypothesis is drawn and the methods to collect the data and follow further analysis are stated. Literature review: Corporate Social Responsibility Enterprises should not only focus on being profitable but also focus on being environmentally responsible organization for their citizens. Thus, it becomes necessary for the enterprises to take up corporate social responsibility tool for their business. However, the corporation needs to form a proper structure for implementing CSR in their company that should help them rise above eh standard (Tai and Chuang 2014). Further, it has been described that CSR is a way of embracing the responsibility of the entity and the processes by which the activities of company is carried out in a sustainable manner. CSR ensures that the activities done by the company should a positive impact of the environment and on its stakeholders. Corporate Social Responsibility is a global issue and its put forward by all types of company with a aim of earning high profit and value (Tai and Chuang 2014). On the other hand, Crane, Matten and Spence (2013) states that the increasing effect of global economic crisis has gave way to implementing CSR in the business processes. This has made CSR a popularmanagement process in the business. Thus, companies are creating corporate social responsibility report to let the people know about the steps they are taking for the society. Further, it has been noticed that the idea of CSR has expanded from just recycling and multiple usage process. Altogether CSR has been described a social responsibility of the business including the legal, ethical and other economic expectation of the society from it over the time (Crane, Matten and Spence 2013). Effectiveness of Sustainability Report Fernandez-Feijoo, Romero and Ruiz (2014) has described that the company should take up effecting sustainability report formulation for CSR activities. This is because sustainability report works as a transparent communication tool through which they can convey their social responsibility to the investors and other stakeholders of the company. The amount fo transparency put in the sustainable report depends on the pressure from the stakeholders of the company. Moreover, the company has to keep a link between them and the stakeholders because the stakeholders always affects or gets affected by any operation taken by the firm. Thus, their involvement in the formulation of CSR is necessary. However, the increasing transparency of the sustainability report of the firm has various consequences such as increases complexities, conflicts and others. This is because all the stakeholders gives importance to their own benefits and needs rather than on the whole company (Ioannou and Serafeim 2016 ). Impact of managerial share ownership on sustainable report To carry out successful CSR practices in the organization the entity should structure out a sustainable report. The preparation of this sustainable report requires guidance and involvement by various stakeholders and topmanagement of the company. Stakeholders and the top managers of the company such as the CEO have different views regarding the determinants that influence the implementation of CSR practices. Park and Ghauri (2015) in their paper have described the determinants influencing the implementation of CSR and the sustainability report from the stakeholders point of view. The process of implementing and carrying out a successful CSR strategy in an organization is very complex and is considered as a voluntary decision between the social concerns of business processes and meeting the expectations of the stakeholders. It has been further analyzed that the stakeholder theory has helped in adding values to CSR and a new type of thinking on corporate responsibilities. The common st akeholders of the company are the consumers, the internal managers, suppliers, government and investors. They are considered as primary stakeholders of the organization. For example, the policies made by the government play a great role in encouraging the entities to take up corporate social responsibility. On the other hand, managers directly influence the decision of the company with regards to internal activities such as the remuneration policy, trade unions, work conditions and others. They are the one that help business to carry out CSR for the active stakeholders of the company (Park and Ghauri 2015). According to Plewa et al. (2015) corporate volunteering plays a crucial role in shaping the perception of the consumers towards the CSR practices of the organization. It is deemed to put a positive impact on corporate social responsibility practice. Corporate volunteering is increasing in the world and is accepted as one of the fastest growing CSR activity. Tang et al. (2015) has described CSR as an initiative taken by firms to improve their activities concerning social responsibility and according to the interest of the stakeholders. One of the most important person of the company that is the CEO influence the decision of the stakeholders in carrying out an effective CSR activities for the well being of the company. It has been seen that the nature and confidence of the CEO put a direct impact on firms decision to take up effective corporate social responsibility or not. It is solely the decision of the companys CEO to indulge in socially responsible or irresponsible activities in short and long run (Manner 2010). Companys involvement in CSR activities and formulation of sustainability report also depends on a large extent on the top managers of the company. They are the one that formulated the policies in the sustainability report after taking all the suggestion of companys stakeholders (He, Chen and Chiang 2015). Thus, it is stated t hat the companys capabilities of taking up CSR activities depends o the education, working experience, family or non-family working culture. Hypothesis Hypothesis is one of the essential parts of the report as it helps the researcher to know the potential answer they can get from the research question. Hypothesis is considered as a prediction made by the researcher based on past literature. A hypothesis consists of a research question, objective of conducting the research, a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis. There are two possible outcomes of the research stated in the hypothesis such as the predicted result and the other stating all the possible outcomes. The first one is known as the Null Hypothesis and the other one is known as the Alternative hypothesis. Null Hypothesis is always related to the statement of the question to be answered. Further, the final answer is also denoted in terms of Null Hypothesis. For example, we can either accept the Null Hypothesis or reject it depending on the result. However, it can also be possible that we neither reject nor accept the Null Hypothesis ad states that do not reject Null Hypothesis. This does not mean that Null Hypothesis is true. It only suggests that insufficient information has occurred in the research leading to no result (Rossi, Wright and Anderson 2013). Research Question Does the stakeholder influence the decision taken by the topmanagement of the company while preparing the sustainability report for the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility? Research Objectives To analyze the importance of corporate social responsibility in a company Effectiveness of sustainability report To analyze the decision of the stakeholders while formulating sustainability report To analyze the influential effect of top managers in the formulation of sustainability report To analyze the influential effect of stakeholders on the decision of the top managers such as CEO Null Hypothesis H0- stakeholders effect the decision taken by the CEO while formulating sustainable report Alternative Hypothesis H1- stakeholders does not influence the decision taken by the CEO in the formulation of sustainability report. Research methods The research method used for the research of influence of managers and stakeholder of the company on the CSR policies will be a qualitative method via a survey. This is because a survey method is very effective in collecting information over huge population. Further, the survey will be conducted with the help of simple random sampling and by effective analysis of the sampling results will be denoted. The sampling for data collected will include 20 companies of Melbourne and each companys perspective regarding the influence of top managers on sustainability report will be known (Best and Kahn 2016). The survey will be done with the help of a questionnaire through which data will be collected on various grounds that will make it easy to analyze the result. Questionnaire prepared for this purpose will include both open ended and close-ended questions. The close-ended questions will allow the respondent to answer between two given alternative. However, the respect can also share their vi ews through the open-ended question. Further he responses given by the taken number of samples will be analyzed to evaluate the view of the companies regarding formulation of sustainability report for CSR (Verma Singh and Smarandache 2014). Research Design As mentioned above the research will be conducted on the basis of a questionnaire and further analysis will be done on the answer derived. The questionnaire will be distributed to companies taken in the sample with the help of physical questionnaire or on their office mail as soft copies. This will allow all the members of the company to take effective participation in the survey. Mail is a good way of sharing the questionnaire and collecting the data as internet is being used on a wide range nowadays. Collecting the data through questionnaire is effective because it is free from biasness, covers large data in a single time and it can be used by anyone not familiar with these tasks. Moreover, it also allows the respondents to give their views as well through the open-ended questions (Bryman and Bell 2015). Collection of Data Collection of data will be done by both primary and secondary research. Primary research is a way by which the researcher collects data directly from the primary source. In this research, the researcher will collect primary data from the companies implementing CSR strategy. The collection of data will be done by distributing questionnaire via mail or physically going to the company. The participants of the questionnaire such as the managers and other stakeholders will be asked to fill the questionnaire independently. They are expected to give all their answers truly and with patience after understanding the crucial effects of their answers. On the other hand, secondary research will be conducted by viewing the past data and evidences about the influential effect of top managers on the implementation of sustainability report. The result of the research will be given in a descriptive way so that is can be easily understood by everyone (Hair 2015). Variable used While conducting the research, the researchers are met by different variables that manipulates their behavior and has an effect on the result of the research. Variables can be dependent, independent, moderate or intervening. The variable used in this research will be dependent variable, which is of primary interest to the researcher. The variable in this research are the top managers, the stakeholders of the companies and the sustainability report. These variables are interdependent on each other and are influenced by each other. The decision taken by the top managers and the stakeholders influence the result of sustainability report. On the other hand, the formulation of the sustainability report and the CSR initiative of the company affect the existence of managers and stakeholders both externally and internally. This shows that the variables of the company are dependent on each other. Thus, the research takes into account the dependent variables (Lee 2013). Conclusion From the above research, it can be deduced that the literature on the implementation of CSR by the companies has shown that the decision of formulating a sustainable report is influenced by the decision of the CEO and the needs of the stakeholders. The stakeholders of the company both internal and external are affected by the operations done by the company. Thus, it is important to include their decision while making the sustainability report. For the research two hypotheses, statement has been given by which the result will be denoted. Further, the research will be conducted with the help of primary and secondary research. The primary research will be done with the help of questionnaire and distributing them among twenty companies. For the purpose, a simple random sampling method will be chosen to make the task easy for the researcher. Thus, a qualitative analysis will help the researcher to find the effect of stakeholders and managers decision on the sustainability report of the fi rm. Result will be denoted in a descriptive way to make it easily understood by everyone. References Best, J.W. and Kahn, J.V., 2016.Research in education. Pearson Education India. Brown, D.H., 2013. Corporate social responsibility. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Costa, R. and Menichini, T., 2013. A multidimensional approach for CSR assessment: The importance of the stakeholder perception.Expert Systems with Applications,40(1), pp.150-161. Crane, A., Matten, D. and Spence, L.J., 2013. Corporate social responsibility in a global context. Fernandez-Feijoo, B., Romero, S. and Ruiz, S., 2014. Effect of stakeholders pressure on transparency of sustainability reports within the GRI framework.Journal of Business Ethics,122(1), pp.53-63. Hair, J.F., 2015.Essentials of business research methods. ME Sharpe. He, L.J., Chen, C.J. and Chiang, H.T., 2015. Top manager background characteristics, family control and corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance.Journal of Applied Finance and Banking,5(1), p.65. Huang, S.K., 2013. The impact of CEO characteristics on corporate sustainable development.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,20(4), pp.234-244. Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2016. The consequences of mandatory corporate sustainability reporting: evidence from four countries. Korschun, D., Bhattacharya, C.B. and Swain, S.D., 2014. Corporate social responsibility, customer orientation, and the job performance of frontline employees.Journal of Marketing,78(3), pp.20-37. Lee, M.J., 2013.Methods of moments and semiparametric econometrics for limited dependent variable models. Springer Science Business Media. Manner, M. 2010. The impact of CEO characteristics on corporate social performance. Journal of Business Ethics 93(Supplement 1): 5372. Park, B.I. and Ghauri, P.N., 2015. Determinants influencing CSR practices in small and medium sized MNE subsidiaries: A stakeholder perspective.Journal of World Business,50(1), pp.192-204. Plewa, C., Conduit, J., Quester, P.G. and Johnson, C., 2015. The impact of corporate volunteering on CSR image: A consumer perspective.Journal of Business Ethics,127(3), pp.643-659. Rossi, P.H., Wright, J.D. and Anderson, A.B. eds., 2013.Handbook of survey research. Academic Press. Tai, F.M. and Chuang, S.H., 2014. Corporate social responsibility.Ibusiness,6(03), p.117. Tang, Y., Qian, C., Chen, G. and Shen, R., 2015. How CEO hubris affects corporate social (ir) responsibility.Strategic Management Journal,36(9), pp.1338-1357. Verma, H.K., Singh, R. and Smarandache, F., 2014. A family of median based estimators in simple random sampling.arXiv preprint arXiv:1408.3362.

Brown V. Board of Education free essay sample

The Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education dates back to 1954, the case was centered on the Fourteenth Amendment and challenged the segregation of schools solely on the basis of race. The Brown case was not the only case of its time involving school segregation, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was leading the push to desegregate public schools in the United States (Gold, 2005). Brown v. Board of Education was a consolidation of four cases that had made their way through the court system. It was 1950 and Linda brown was just seven years old, she lived in Topeka, Kansas and was African American descent (she was black). Each mourning Linda traveled 21 blocks and crossed through a dangerous railroad yard to get to school. Her journey to school took an hour and twenty minutes. White children who lived in the same neighborhood only traveled 7 blocks in a considerably less amount of time (Gold, 2005). We will write a custom essay sample on Brown V. Board of Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Linda’s father Oliver filed a lawsuit against the Topeka Board of Education arguing that he wanted the same conditions for his daughter (Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 2009). The case was heard by three judges in Federal District Court, and they ruled against the plaintiffs, the case went to Circuit Court of Appeals and then to the U. S Supreme Court (Topeka, Kansas: Segregation in the Heartland). The second case was Gebhart v. Belton was similar to the Topeka case, a Delaware school bus with all white students would pass Sarah Bulah’s home, so she asked the schools officials to let her daughter ride on the bus. When School officials turned down her request, Sarah went to the state board of education. Sarah was told that black students were not allowed to ride on the bus with whites (Gold, 2005). The case went to the State Court, which ruled in favor of the plaintiffs, but neither side was happy with the ruling. The case eventually went to the State Supreme Court and then to the U. S Supreme Court (Smithsonian National Museum of American history ). The third case was Briggs v. Elliot, in Clarendon County, South Carolina. The schools for black children were run down shacks and had no money for supplies and little money to pay teachers. Twenty black parents asked the school board to provide buses for students the same as they did for the white students. The parents were denied, the school board stated that black parents didn’t contribute enough tax revenue and they shouldn’t expect the white parents to pay (Gold, 2005). The case was filed in South Carolina in 1950, a panel of three judges ruled that schools must be equalized but don’t have to be integrated. Judge Walter Warring wrote a dissenting opinion stating â€Å"segregation is per se inequality† (Waring), meaning that separate is not equal. The fourth case was Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. The state of Virginia at the time provided schools for blacks only through the eighth grade; therefore most high schools were funded through private money. Morton high school was rundown and overcrowded. The students were frustrated with the lack of action from the school board so they walked out and staged a march to the homes of school board members in order to protest poor conditions (Gold, 2005). The case was heard in the Federal District Court where they ruled against the plaintiffs, it then went to Circuit Courts of Appeals and eventually to the U. S Supreme Court (Black students on Strike! Farmville, Virginia ). As each case went through the court system the NAACP gathered the cases and submitted them together as Brown v. Board of education on the writ of certiorari, on appeal to the U.S Supreme Court. Thurgood Marshall was chief counsel at the time for the NAACP and planned the strategy to argue the case. Constitutional Issue The constitutional issue that the Brown case would focus on was the â€Å"equal protection clause† under the Fourteenth Amendment. As a result of the Civil War the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the constitution were ratified. The 14th Amendme nt conferred citizenship on formerly enslaved African Americans and granted equal protection under the law (Background Overview and Summary). The Fourteenth Amendment states; No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. (U. S Const. amend. XIV) The question within the Fourteenth Amendment was; does the segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race deprive the minority children of â€Å"equal protection of the laws† under the amendment (Brown v. Board of Education, 1954). In1896 when the Plessy v. Ferguson case was argued and the opinion of the Court was written by Justice Henry Billings Brown the â€Å"separate but equal† doctrine was established. Justice Henry Billings wrote; We think the enforced separation of the races, as applied to the internal commerce of the state, neither abridges the privileges or immunities of the colored man, deprives him of his property without the due process of law, nor denies him the equal protection of the laws, within the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment. (Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896) Courts Ruling The Court would deliberate the arguments for and against segregation of public schools, at the end of the vote they did not have a consensus; therefore the Court took no action. Instead they proposed a list of questions for the lawyers on both side to answer at the beginning of the new term (Gold, 2005). During the summer recess Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson died, this would change the course of this case forever. Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson was not in favor of desegregation and stated; he could not support it at the time during the first vote. The new Chief Justice Earl Warren was appointed by President Eisenhower and later confirmed by the Senate. The Court opinion was unanimous, they ruled in favor of Brown, reversing the decision of the â€Å"separate but equal† doctrine that the Courts used since 1896 and established by the Plessy v. Ferguson case. Chief Justice Earl Warren read the opinion of the Court; We conclude that in the field of public education, the doctrine of â€Å"separate but equal† has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Therefore, we hold that the plaintiffs and others similarly situated for whom the actions have been brought are, by reason of the segregation complained of, deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the fourteenth Amendment. This disposition makes unnecessary any discussion whether such segregation also violates the Due process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. (Brown v. Board of Education) The Court was asked, does the segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, unconstitutional under the fourteenth amendment â€Å"equal protection clause? The answer Chief Justice Warren gave was â€Å"we believe that it does† (Kluger, 2004). Related Supreme Court Cases Since Brown, the Supreme Court has maintained that segregation has no place in public education. These are some related cases that the Brown case had an impact on or was impacted by. Bolling v. Sharpe (1952) was argued two years before Brown, but the opinion of the court was heard the same day as the opinion of the Brown case. The basis of the Bolling case was, in Washington D. C a new white only school had empty classrooms while the black school was overcrowded and dilapidated. The lawyers for Bolling argued on the basis of the Fifth Amendment, the â€Å"due process† clause, since at the time the Fourteenth Amendment was applied only to the states and not the national government (Bolling v. Sharpe). Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1955), this was called â€Å"Brown II†. In the second case the Court would delegate the task of carrying out the desegregation of public schools to the lower courts. Chief Justice Warren used a phrase â€Å"with all deliberate speed† in efforts for the states to accept the order (Gold, 2005). Guey Heung Lee v. Johnson (1971), unlike the other cases, this case was against desegregation. The San Francisco school district had proposed a comprehensive plan for desegregation of elementary schools. The applicants were Americans of Chinese ancestry seeking a stay of a district court reassigning students to other schools. The Court denied the stay, stating that â€Å"Brown v. Board of Education was not written for Blacks alone† (Guey Heung Lee v. Johnson). Assessment The opinion of the Court in the Brown v. Board of Education was the start of integration and the civil rights movement. Segregation didn’t end in 1954, but civil rights were now being questioned and many of the laws were lifted that involved a person’s race. The Courts opinion was right, the Fourteenth Amendment might have been ratified in order to give certain rights to slaves who gained freedom, but it was not intended to allow the segregation of citizens based on their race. The doctrine â€Å"equal protection† replaced the doctrine of â€Å"separate but equal†.

My Philosophy in Life Essay Topics - How to Find the Best Essay Topics

My Philosophy in Life Essay Topics - How to Find the Best Essay TopicsWhen you write your My Philosophy in Life Essay, you need to make sure that you're selecting the right essay topics for the essay. Not all essays have the same topic choices. This is because some people are born with certain talents that they can use to excel at their chosen careers.Now I want to explain what your options are when it comes to writing your essay topics. One of the biggest mistakes you can make is to pick the topic too close to your goals. For example, if you want to be a writer, then the essay topics may include how to become a writer.On the other hand, if you want to be a teacher, the essay topics may focus on teaching. If you're just looking to be an entrepreneur, then this article's topics are the entrepreneurial mindset. If you want to be a doctor, the essay topics may include tips on how to become a doctor. Just keep in mind that the topics should allow you to express yourself and move forward. The first thing you need to remember is that when you write your essay topics, you must remember that they will be published for a very long time. The more content you put into your essay, the better. So try to make it as much of a discussion as possible. Instead of talking about the issues head on, try to make it a dialogue between the reader and you.Sometimes when you're writing your essay, you may find that there are issues with you already having your career goals in mind. This can be especially true when you're writing about how to become a writer or when you're trying to figure out how to become a teacher. What you can do is get into the motivation of writing.Instead of allowing certain issues to plague you, focus on what you love about your profession. Look at your past successes and failures and appreciate the lessons that you learned from those experiences. The key to writing is that you have to put out a message and that message needs to be compelling. This is why I always encourage students to focus on the message in their essay and make sure that they're compelling.In order to help you with your My Philosophy in Life Essay, I've put together a little bit of information. To find out the best essay topics, go to my website and I'll also show you how to turn them into a great composition. That way you'll learn how to reach your goals. The only problem with doing this is that you may spend quite a bit of time looking for ideas.The best way to get ideas is to look online. Once you've found a subject that interests you, then you can create a conversation with your instructor and get ideas to get you started.

Free Essays on Communication Ethics

Ethics has to do with the gray areas in our lives. When moral decisions are black and white, knowing what we should do is easy. We may not live up to our convictions all the time, but there’s no question in our mind what we ought to do. The ethical theories outlined in this chapter offer guidance on how to communicate with integrity in each situation. All but the final theory fit into one of three distinctive approaches to moral decision making. The first two theories look at the consequences of behavior. Can a lie end up doing good or preventing harm? The next three theories focus on the rightness of an act regardless of whether or not it benefits the people involved. Is falsehood ever fair or just? Is it always our duty to be honest? The next group of three theories concentrates on the inner motives and character traits that make a person moral. Is the desire to tell the truth a virtue? The final theory raises the possibility that men and women could (and perhaps should) have separate ethical standards. ETHICAL EGOISM: EPICURUS Cynics maintain that people care only about themselves, that everybody is looking out for number one. Ethical egoists say that’s the way it ought to be. Everyone should promote his or her own self-interest. The boundaries of an egoist’s ethical system include only one person. Writing a few years after Aristotle’s death, Epicurus defined the good life as getting as much pleasure as possible: "I spit on the noble and its idle admirers when it contains no element of pleasure."1 Although his position is often associated with the adage "eat, drink, and be merry," Epicurus actually emphasized the passive pleasures of friendship, good digestion and, above all, the absence of pain. He cautioned that "no pleasure is in itself evil, but the things which produce certain pleasures entail annoyances many times greater than the pleasures themselves."2 The Greek philosopher put lying in that category. ... Free Essays on Communication Ethics Free Essays on Communication Ethics Ethics has to do with the gray areas in our lives. When moral decisions are black and white, knowing what we should do is easy. We may not live up to our convictions all the time, but there’s no question in our mind what we ought to do. The ethical theories outlined in this chapter offer guidance on how to communicate with integrity in each situation. All but the final theory fit into one of three distinctive approaches to moral decision making. The first two theories look at the consequences of behavior. Can a lie end up doing good or preventing harm? The next three theories focus on the rightness of an act regardless of whether or not it benefits the people involved. Is falsehood ever fair or just? Is it always our duty to be honest? The next group of three theories concentrates on the inner motives and character traits that make a person moral. Is the desire to tell the truth a virtue? The final theory raises the possibility that men and women could (and perhaps should) have separate ethical standards. ETHICAL EGOISM: EPICURUS Cynics maintain that people care only about themselves, that everybody is looking out for number one. Ethical egoists say that’s the way it ought to be. Everyone should promote his or her own self-interest. The boundaries of an egoist’s ethical system include only one person. Writing a few years after Aristotle’s death, Epicurus defined the good life as getting as much pleasure as possible: "I spit on the noble and its idle admirers when it contains no element of pleasure."1 Although his position is often associated with the adage "eat, drink, and be merry," Epicurus actually emphasized the passive pleasures of friendship, good digestion and, above all, the absence of pain. He cautioned that "no pleasure is in itself evil, but the things which produce certain pleasures entail annoyances many times greater than the pleasures themselves."2 The Greek philosopher put lying in that category. ...

Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde - Essay Example He lives life like a trapped bird, because society expects him to be good in actions and attitudes. Dr. Jekyll chooses to be a good person, the perfect Victorian model that Evangelicals are proud of. Inside, however, he battles his Id that he has contained too much. He does not give in to his selfish desires, such as by doing philanthropic work, and as a consequence, his subconscious learns to love selfish and lethal desires. Soon, his appearance gives way to the inner self. The inner self, when it breaks free, becomes wild and strong. Dr. Jekyll turns to Mr. Hyde, the full expression of his innermost desires. This paper shows that when the inner self is fully imprisoned though appearance, it will be repressed, but not forever; and when it is released, it will destroy the humanity of a person. Wendy Perkins, in â€Å"Critical Essay on Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,† examines the role of the ideologies, utilitarianism and Evangelicalism, in shaping Victorian England during the ninete enth century. These ideologies opposed each other and affected the context of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Perkins stress that these ideologies forced people to choose between being hedonistic and being moral, which are both extremes that do not do the soul and identity any good at all. She argues that through this novel, Robert Louis Stevenson criticizes Victorian society. Dr. Jekyll would not have created an evil alter ego, Mr. Hyde, if he had enough channels to express his â€Å"desires.† Perkins uses the characters of Utterson and Enfield to describe what norms should be during Victorian times. Utterson represents the â€Å"human side that refuses to condemn others.† Perkins is saying that if people did not focus on being good alone, then freedom of expression has been more tolerated, if not widely promoted. Enfield has the â€Å"same temperament as Utterson.† He stands for moderation in attitudes and behaviors. Utterson and Enfield shame Evangelicals and utilit arians who focus on their own goals and values. These characters are examples of tolerance and moderation that utilitarianism and Evangelicalism lacked. Perkins argues that society has made it harder for people to balance their conflicting desires. Utilitarianism justifies the creation of Mr. Hyde, since he enables Dr. Jekyll to fully express his desires, even evil ones. Utilitarianism says that it is right to pursue pleasure and eliminate pain. Mr. Hyde provides pleasure, though not in the normal kind. He makes Dr. Jekyll feel free to be whoever he wants to be. Dr. Jekyll also uses the â€Å"duplicity† of his characters to balance his conflicting urges and norms. Evangelicalism, however, compels Dr. Jekyll to kill himself, since he can no longer control Mr. Hyde. As a result, the ending satisfies Victorian norms. In the end, Dr. purifies the world from the existence of a malignant tumor like Mr. Hyde. Perkins stresses that utilitarianism and Evangelicalism are two extreme id eologies that pushed Dr. Jekyll to create Mr. Hyde. These ideologies do not promote sobriety and do not help people balance their different needs and interests. Perkins emphasizes that it is important for people to have a sense of balance in their lives, or else, they will also produce their Mr. Hyde, who cannot be controlled anymore. In â€Å"The Prisonhouse of my Disposition,† Daniel Wright explores that duplicity is not the main goal of Dr. Jekyll. He contends that such analyses are superficial and incomplete. He presents a psychological view of the novel, where the double

Proportional representative system in U.K Term Paper

Proportional representative system in U.K - Term Paper Example The reason for this has been partly likened to the failure by the plural form of elections to produce a clear winner after the 1974 election, which saw the formation of a weak government without an outright majority (Amy 23). Additionally, the additional vote from a third party in the 70s has also acted to highlight the disproportionate and distorted nature of a pluralist voting system. This paper provides a discussion on the way proportional representative system is better than plurality system in the UK. The Labor government, in 1997, made a promise to hold a referendum as soon as it got into power that would vote on the issue of introducing a representative voting system. However, this referendum was continually delayed and dropped off the labor party agenda. Additionally, the amount of choice that the voter would be given could also be limited. This is because there is an argument that the Labor Party and the Tories stand to lose the most if any changes are effected to the plural ist electoral system, which explains their reluctance to pursue the issue (Amy 25). Had proportional representation been used during the elections of 1997, it is possible that the big Labor majority would have seen a reduction with major gains by the Liberal Democrats (Connolly 31). This would have seen a gain from the forty six seats they attained to as high as one hundred and six members of parliament. The Lib Dems got 16.8% of all the votes cast, but suffered when it came to actual seats at Westminster, gaining less than ten percent of the total seats. Proportional representation would have altered their standing and greatly reduced that of the Labor Party. A similar incident would have occurred in the elections of 2001, a result that intimates the fact that pluralist electoral models are unfair and have the potential to be undemocratic, i.e., the number of votes that are cast for the government are not proportional to that the government’s popularity with the UK public (C onnolly 31). All proportional representation forms tend to possess similar basic merits. These merits include the fact that the system is more representative of the voting public’s wishes as expressed during the voting process (Connolly 35). In addition, fewer wasted votes encourage better participation in the election. The pluralist electoral model could lead to some voters avoiding the voting process because they perceive it as a wasted cause. Additionally, the minority parties could end up with fairer representation in Westminster. Independent candidates will also have more opportunities at being elected with only a single one, Martin Bell, winning a seat in parliament during the 1997 elections. The candidate lost the seat during the second attempt where he used the pluralist electoral route. Another advantage of PR is that it removes safe seats that are characterized by perennial low turnouts. If people feel that their vote counts, then they may be more encouraged to part icipate in the elections. Using the PR system, the voter also has an increased variety of choice as far as candidates are concerned. Finally, a pluralist system can be eliminated by a proportional representation system ending up with a system that is â€Å"